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Calendrier du suivi de grossesse — China

Une traduction française est en préparation. Les informations ci-dessous sont affichées en anglais pour le moment.

This is a general overview of the prenatal visits many people in China are offered during pregnancy, drawn from public guidance by the Chinese Medical Association and the WHO. Every pregnancy is different — your own care provider decides which checks and timing are right for you. It's here for reference and orientation, not as medical advice.

Disclaimer: BabyBerry est destinée à l'information générale et au suivi personnel. Ce n'est pas un dispositif médical et elle ne donne ni avis médical, ni diagnostic, ni traitement. Consultez toujours un professionnel de santé qualifié.
  1. Initial Visit — Semaines 5–6
  2. First Prenatal Visit — Semaine 12
  3. Second Prenatal Visit — Semaines 14–19
  4. Third Prenatal Visit — Semaines 20–23
  5. Fourth Prenatal Visit — Semaines 24–28
  6. Fifth Prenatal Visit — Semaines 29–30
  7. Sixth Prenatal Visit — Semaines 31–32
  8. Seventh Prenatal Visit — Semaines 33–34
  9. Eighth Prenatal Visit — Semaines 35–36
  10. Ninth Prenatal Visit — Semaine 37
  11. Tenth Prenatal Visit — Semaine 38
  12. Eleventh Prenatal Visit — Semaine 39
  13. Twelfth Prenatal Visit — Semaine 40

Initial Visit

Première visite prénatale · Semaines 5–6 · Un jeûne peut être nécessaire

Ultrasound, HCG + Progesterone

Bon à savoir: The initial visit is the first formal checkup of pregnancy. The most important goals are confirming an intrauterine pregnancy via ultrasound (ruling out ectopic pregnancy) and assessing embryonic development through HCG and progesterone levels. If all results are normal, you can rest assured until the next appointment.

Examens courants

  • Ultrasound — An ultrasound is the first step to confirm pregnancy. It determines whether the embryo has implanted in the uterus (ruling out ectopic pregnancy) and assesses the gestational sac size and embryonic development. If the timing is right, a fetal heartbeat may also be detected, which is a sign of healthy development.
  • HCG + Progesterone — HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) is a hormone produced by the placenta after conception; blood HCG levels help confirm pregnancy status. Progesterone is essential for maintaining early pregnancy; low levels may indicate a risk of threatened miscarriage, and the doctor will decide whether supportive treatment is needed based on the results.
  • Complete Blood Count (CBC) — A CBC measures hemoglobin (to screen for anemia), white blood cell count (to screen for infection), and platelet count, providing baseline health data for the entire pregnancy.
  • Urinalysis — A urinalysis checks for urinary tract infections, glucose in the urine, or proteinuria. It is a simple but important screening performed at nearly every prenatal visit throughout pregnancy.

Comment se préparer

  • Go on an empty stomach, as blood will be drawn for hormone levels. Avoid eating after 10 PM the night before.
  • Have a moderately full bladder; early ultrasounds may require a transabdominal approach and a full bladder helps visualize the uterus.
  • Bring your ID and insurance card; some hospitals require registration at the first visit.
  • Note the date of your last menstrual period (LMP), which is essential for calculating gestational age and the due date.

Conseils

  • There is no need to visit too early. A gestational sac is typically visible on ultrasound at 5-6 weeks; going earlier may yield no findings and cause unnecessary anxiety.
  • If no fetal heartbeat is detected yet, do not worry. The heartbeat commonly appears at 6-7 weeks, and the doctor will usually schedule a follow-up one week later.
  • If the initial visit results are normal, the next checkup is around week 12. In the meantime, take folic acid, eat a balanced diet, and avoid strenuous exercise.

First Prenatal Visit

Visite 1 · Semaine 12 · Un jeûne peut être nécessaire

Medical Record Registration, NT Scan (Nuchal Translucency)

Bon à savoir: The first formal prenatal visit is the most comprehensive checkup of the entire pregnancy. Registration marks the start of standardized care, and the NT scan is a key early screening for chromosomal abnormalities. This visit involves many blood tests and requires fasting, so plan for extra time.

Examens courants

  • Medical Record Registration — Registration involves creating a Maternal and Child Health Handbook, marking the start of standardized prenatal care. You will provide personal information, medical history, and family history; the hospital creates a comprehensive pregnancy file where all future checkup results are recorded.
  • NT Scan (Nuchal Translucency) — The NT scan measures the fluid-filled space at the back of the fetal neck via ultrasound to assess the risk of chromosomal abnormalities such as Down syndrome. An NT measurement below 2.5 mm is considered normal. The optimal window is 11-13+6 weeks; earlier or later results are unreliable. This is a non-invasive, painless, and very important early screening.
  • First-Trimester Down Syndrome Screening — First-trimester screening measures maternal serum PAPP-A and free beta-HCG levels, combined with the NT measurement and maternal age, to assess the risk of Down syndrome and other chromosomal abnormalities. If the risk is elevated, further testing such as NIPT or amniocentesis will be recommended.
  • Complete Blood Count (CBC) — A CBC evaluates red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Hemoglobin levels indicate whether anemia is present, and the white blood cell count reflects possible infection. This baseline is very important for comparison at future visits.
  • Urinalysis — Urinalysis is a routine item at every prenatal visit, checking for protein and glucose in the urine. Positive urine protein may indicate kidney issues, and positive urine glucose warrants attention to blood sugar levels.
  • Blood Typing (ABO + Rh) — This test determines ABO and Rh blood types, which is critical in case a blood transfusion is needed during delivery. Rh-negative mothers require anti-D immunoglobulin during pregnancy and after delivery to prevent hemolytic disease of the newborn.
  • Liver Function Tests — Liver function tests measure ALT, AST, total bilirubin, and other markers to evaluate liver health. The liver bears an increased burden during pregnancy, so early testing helps detect potential liver conditions.
  • Renal Function Tests — Renal function tests measure creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and other markers to evaluate kidney filtration and excretion. Renal blood flow increases significantly during pregnancy, so establishing a baseline early is important for ongoing monitoring.
  • Infectious Disease Panel (Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, Syphilis, HIV) — This panel screens for Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), Hepatitis C antibody (anti-HCV), syphilis antibody, and HIV antibody. All of these infections can be transmitted from mother to baby. Early detection allows interventions to minimize the risk to the newborn.
  • Thyroid Function Tests — Thyroid function tests measure TSH, FT3, and FT4. Thyroid dysfunction (hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism) during pregnancy can affect fetal neurological development. Hypothyroidism is relatively common in pregnant women and requires timely diagnosis and treatment.
  • Fasting Blood Glucose — This test measures fasting blood glucose to screen for abnormal glucose metabolism. If levels are elevated, closer monitoring will follow, and a glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is scheduled at 24-28 weeks.
  • Electrocardiogram (ECG) — An ECG evaluates heart function and screens for arrhythmias or ischemia. The heart works harder during pregnancy, and an ECG can detect potential cardiac issues early.
  • Blood Pressure Measurement — A baseline blood pressure reading is recorded. Early-pregnancy baseline values are essential for detecting gestational hypertension later. Normal blood pressure should be below 140/90 mmHg.
  • Height and Weight Measurement — Height and baseline weight are recorded to calculate BMI and set weight gain targets for the entire pregnancy. Excessive weight gain may increase the risk of gestational diabetes, while insufficient gain may affect fetal development.

Comment se préparer

  • Go on an empty stomach (at least 8 hours of fasting) for liver function and blood glucose tests.
  • Bring your ID, insurance card, marriage certificate (required by some hospitals), and passport-sized photos.
  • Wear easy-to-change clothing, as you will need an ultrasound and an ECG.
  • Book the NT scan in advance; popular hospitals may have long wait times.
  • Bring a light snack to eat after the blood draw to restore your energy.

Conseils

  • The NT scan window is 11-13+6 weeks. Do not miss this window, as results outside this range are unreliable.
  • Register at the hospital where you plan to deliver; transferring later can be complicated. Popular hospitals have limited spots, so book early.
  • This visit involves many tests and long waits. Having a family member accompany you is recommended; expect 2-3 hours to complete everything.
  • If the first-trimester screening shows high risk, do not panic. The screening is not a diagnosis; a high-risk result does not mean there is definitely a problem. The doctor will recommend further diagnostic testing.

Second Prenatal Visit

Visite 2 · Semaines 14–19 · Un jeûne peut être nécessaire

Down Syndrome Screening or NIPT / Amniocentesis

Bon à savoir: The focus of this visit is Down syndrome screening. Three options are available: traditional serum screening (lower cost but lower accuracy), NIPT (high accuracy, non-invasive, moderate cost), and amniocentesis (definitive diagnosis, invasive). Your doctor will recommend the best option based on your age, health status, and previous test results. Women over 35 are generally advised to proceed directly with NIPT or amniocentesis.

Examens courants

  • Second-Trimester Down Syndrome Screening — The second-trimester screening measures AFP, HCG, uE3, and other serum markers at 15-20 weeks, combined with maternal age, weight, and gestational age, to assess the risk of Down syndrome, neural tube defects, and other conditions. If the first-trimester screening was low risk, this test may be skipped.
  • Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing (NIPT) — NIPT analyzes cell-free fetal DNA in the mother's blood to screen for trisomy 21 (Down syndrome), trisomy 18, trisomy 13, and other common chromosomal abnormalities. Accuracy exceeds 99%, making it more precise than traditional serum screening, though it costs more. It is recommended for those with high-risk screening results, advanced maternal age (35+), or those who want higher screening accuracy.
  • Amniocentesis — Amniocentesis involves inserting a thin needle through the abdominal wall into the uterus under ultrasound guidance to collect a small amount of amniotic fluid for fetal chromosomal karyotype analysis. It is the "gold standard" for diagnosing chromosomal abnormalities, with nearly 100% accuracy. It is typically performed when screening results indicate high risk. Although invasive, the risk is very low when performed by an experienced specialist (miscarriage risk approximately 0.1%-0.3%).
  • Blood Pressure Measurement — Routine blood pressure monitoring to check for any upward trend. Normal blood pressure should be below 140/90 mmHg.
  • Weight Measurement — Monitoring weight gain. In the second trimester, weight gain accelerates; a normal range is approximately 0.3-0.5 kg per week.
  • Urinalysis — Routine urine testing for protein, glucose, and other markers to detect urinary tract infections and other abnormalities early.

Comment se préparer

  • If having the serum screening, fast from food after 10 PM the night before; small amounts of water are fine.
  • NIPT does not require fasting, but avoid very greasy food beforehand.
  • If considering amniocentesis, learn about the procedure and precautions in advance to be mentally prepared.
  • Research the differences and costs of each screening option ahead of time so you can make an informed decision with your doctor.

Conseils

  • Each of the three screening methods has its pros and cons. Discuss thoroughly with your doctor and choose the option that best suits your situation.
  • Although NIPT has very high accuracy, it is still a screening test, not a definitive diagnosis. If results are abnormal, amniocentesis is still needed for confirmation.
  • If you choose amniocentesis, rest in bed for 2-3 days afterward and avoid strenuous activity. Mild cramping is normal, but seek immediate medical attention if you experience fluid leakage or fever.
  • Women 35 and older are in a higher risk group for Down syndrome. Doctors usually recommend skipping the traditional serum screening and going directly to NIPT or amniocentesis.

Third Prenatal Visit

Visite 3 · Semaines 20–23

Anomaly Scan (Detailed Ultrasound)

Bon à savoir: The anomaly scan is one of the most anticipated and nerve-racking checkups of pregnancy. It can detect most major structural anomalies, including anencephaly, severe spina bifida, congenital heart defects, cleft lip/palate, and limb defects. The optimal window is 20-24 weeks, when the fetus is an ideal size, amniotic fluid is adequate, and bone echoes minimally interfere with imaging. Note that the scan cannot detect all fetal abnormalities; some minor issues may not be visible on ultrasound. The vast majority of babies are found to be healthy at this scan, so try to stay relaxed.

Examens courants

  • Anomaly Scan (Detailed Structural Ultrasound) — The anomaly scan (also called a detailed structural ultrasound or 4D ultrasound) is one of the most important ultrasound examinations of pregnancy. The doctor comprehensively examines all fetal organs and systems, including the head (brain structures), face (screening for cleft lip/palate), heart (screening for congenital heart defects), spine, limbs, and abdominal organs. Placental position, amniotic fluid volume, and umbilical cord are also assessed. The exam takes 30-60 minutes and provides the most thorough evaluation of fetal development.
  • Fundal Height and Abdominal Circumference Measurement — Starting from this visit, fundal height and abdominal circumference are measured routinely. These measurements provide a simple assessment of fetal size and amniotic fluid volume, complementing ultrasound findings.
  • Blood Pressure Measurement — Routine blood pressure monitoring to watch for early signs of gestational hypertension.
  • Weight Measurement — Monitoring weight gain to ensure it is within normal range. In the second trimester, 0.3-0.5 kg per week is appropriate.
  • Fetal Heart Rate Check — A Doppler device is used to listen to the fetal heartbeat. The normal fetal heart rate is 110-160 beats per minute. This is the most direct way to monitor fetal vital signs.
  • Urinalysis — Routine urine test checking for protein, glucose, and other markers.

Comment se préparer

  • No fasting is required. Eat well before the appointment; a well-fed baby is more active and cooperative during the scan.
  • Bring a piece of chocolate or candy. If the baby is not cooperating, a sweet snack can stimulate fetal movement.
  • Wear loose, two-piece clothing for easy access to the abdomen during the ultrasound.
  • Book the appointment early; the anomaly scan takes a long time, and popular hospitals may have long wait times.
  • Light activity such as walking beforehand can help keep the baby in an active state.

Conseils

  • The optimal time for the anomaly scan is 20-24 weeks. The fetus is an ideal size, amniotic fluid is adequate, and ultrasound images are clearest. Too early and organs may not be fully developed; too late and the fetus may be too large for good visualization.
  • Not all anomalies can be detected by ultrasound. Detection rates are approximately 60-80%, affected by fetal position and maternal abdominal wall thickness. Even with a normal scan, subsequent checkups should not be neglected.
  • During a 4D ultrasound, you can see a three-dimensional image of your baby's face. Many mothers "meet" their baby for the first time at this scan. You can ask the doctor for a keepsake photo.
  • If the doctor notes certain "soft markers" (such as mild renal pelvis dilation or choroid plexus cysts), do not panic. In most cases, these resolve on their own later in pregnancy.

Fourth Prenatal Visit

Visite 4 · Semaines 24–28 · Un jeûne peut être nécessaire

Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT)

Bon à savoir: The highlight of the fourth visit is the OGTT, a mandatory test for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). GDM is one of the most common pregnancy complications, occurring in 10-15% of pregnancies, even in women with previously normal blood sugar. Uncontrolled GDM can lead to macrosomia, polyhydramnios, difficult delivery, and neonatal hypoglycemia. The good news is that most cases can be managed through dietary adjustments and appropriate exercise; only a minority require insulin therapy.

Examens courants

  • Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) — The OGTT is the key test for screening gestational diabetes. The procedure: fasting blood is drawn first, then you drink a solution containing 75 g of glucose within 5 minutes (~300 mL), followed by blood draws at 1 hour and 2 hours. Normal values are: fasting < 5.1 mmol/L, 1-hour < 10.0 mmol/L, 2-hour < 8.5 mmol/L. Exceeding any one threshold results in a diagnosis of gestational diabetes.
  • Complete Blood Count (CBC) — A mid-pregnancy CBC with focus on hemoglobin levels to assess for pregnancy-related anemia. Blood volume increases significantly in the second trimester, making physiological anemia common. Hemoglobin below 110 g/L indicates anemia and iron supplementation is needed.
  • Urinalysis — Routine urine test with focus on protein and glucose. Positive urine glucose is common during the OGTT and should be interpreted alongside blood glucose results.
  • Blood Pressure Measurement — The late second and third trimesters carry a higher risk of gestational hypertension, making blood pressure monitoring at each visit especially important.
  • Weight Measurement — Assessing the rate of weight gain. Rapid weight gain may be related to blood sugar control and diet.
  • Fundal Height and Abdominal Circumference — Routine fundal height and abdominal circumference measurements to assess fetal growth and development.
  • Fetal Heart Rate Check — Using a Doppler device to listen to the fetal heartbeat and confirm normal vital signs. Normal fetal heart rate is 110-160 beats per minute.

Comment se préparer

  • Eat normally for the 3 days before the test. Do not deliberately restrict or overeat, as this can affect accuracy.
  • Fast after 10 PM the night before (small amounts of plain water are fine). Go on an empty stomach on the day of the test.
  • Drink the glucose solution within 5 minutes. Bringing a small amount of warm water can help, as the solution is very sweet.
  • After drinking the solution, avoid vigorous exercise. Walk slowly around the hospital until it is time for the next blood draw.
  • Note the time of the first blood draw carefully. The 1-hour and 2-hour draws should be as punctual as possible (within 5 minutes).

Conseils

  • You will spend about 3 hours at the hospital for the OGTT. Bring a book or make sure your phone is fully charged to pass the time.
  • If diagnosed with gestational diabetes, do not be too worried. Most cases can be managed with dietary changes: eating small, frequent meals; choosing low-GI foods; and taking a light walk after eating.
  • Poorly controlled gestational diabetes can lead to macrosomia and neonatal hypoglycemia, so it is important to follow your doctor's treatment plan carefully.
  • Gestational diabetes usually resolves after delivery, but the risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life is increased. A follow-up OGTT at 42 days postpartum is recommended.

Fifth Prenatal Visit

Visite 5 · Semaines 29–30

Routine Checkup, Start Monitoring Fetal Movement

Bon à savoir: Starting from the fifth visit, prenatal checkups shift to every two weeks as you enter the third trimester. One of the most important habits to develop now is counting fetal movements ("kick counts"). Fetal movement is the most direct indicator of the baby's well-being in the uterus, and the mother is the first to notice changes. The method is simple: choose a time when the baby is usually active (often after dinner), sit or lie on your side quietly, and count movements for one hour. At least 3 movements per hour is normal. If you notice a significant decrease or absence of movement, go to the hospital promptly.

Examens courants

  • Blood Pressure Measurement — Blood pressure monitoring becomes even more important in the third trimester. Gestational hypertension typically appears after 28 weeks. Seek immediate medical attention if elevated blood pressure is accompanied by headache, blurred vision, or worsening swelling.
  • Weight Measurement — Weight gain accelerates in the third trimester. Ideally, gain should not exceed 0.5 kg per week. Rapid weight gain may indicate edema or other abnormalities.
  • Fundal Height and Abdominal Circumference — Tracking trends in fundal height and abdominal circumference to assess fetal growth rate. If measurements are significantly above or below expected values, the doctor may order an ultrasound for further evaluation.
  • Fetal Heart Rate Check — Routine auscultation to confirm the fetal heart rate is within the normal range (110-160 bpm).
  • Urinalysis — In the third trimester, urine protein is especially important. Elevated blood pressure combined with proteinuria may indicate preeclampsia.
  • Fetal Position Assessment — The doctor assesses fetal position (cephalic, breech, or transverse) through abdominal palpation (Leopold maneuvers). At 29-30 weeks, the position is not yet final; the baby still has room and time to turn.

Comment se préparer

  • Record fetal movement counts for the past week to report to your doctor.
  • Be sure to mention any swelling, headaches, or blurred vision to your doctor.
  • Prepare questions about delivery options and begin discussing your birth plan with your doctor.

Conseils

  • Best method for kick counts: choose 1 hour in the morning, afternoon, and evening to count movements. If the total of the three sessions multiplied by 4 exceeds 30, the baby is doing well.
  • Babies are usually most active after meals and in the evening. If movements seem reduced, try changing positions or having a snack.
  • Leg swelling in the third trimester is normal, but swelling combined with high blood pressure and proteinuria may signal gestational hypertensive disease and requires attention.
  • Start attending prenatal classes to learn about breathing techniques for labor, breastfeeding, and more. Many hospitals offer free prenatal education programs.

Sixth Prenatal Visit

Visite 6 · Semaines 31–32

Growth Scan (Late Ultrasound Assessment)

Bon à savoir: The focus of the sixth visit is the growth scan (late ultrasound). Unlike the mid-pregnancy anomaly scan, this exam primarily assesses fetal growth and the intrauterine environment, including estimated fetal weight, amniotic fluid volume, placental status, and umbilical blood flow. These data help the doctor determine whether the baby is growing well and identify any tendency toward intrauterine growth restriction or macrosomia. Around 32 weeks is also an important time to confirm fetal position; most babies have settled into the head-down position by now.

Examens courants

  • Growth Scan (Late Ultrasound) — The growth scan is a third-trimester ultrasound focused on assessing fetal growth and development. The doctor measures biparietal diameter, head circumference, abdominal circumference, and femur length to estimate fetal weight and determine if size is appropriate for gestational age. Amniotic fluid volume, placental maturity, and umbilical cord blood flow are also evaluated. Unlike the anomaly scan, the growth scan focuses on growth assessment rather than structural screening.
  • Blood Pressure Measurement — Routine blood pressure monitoring to track trends.
  • Weight Measurement — Monitoring weight gain and assessing maternal-fetal nutritional status.
  • Fundal Height and Abdominal Circumference — Measuring fundal height and abdominal circumference and comparing with previous data to assess fetal growth rate.
  • Fetal Heart Rate Check — Routine fetal heart rate auscultation to confirm a normal heart rate.
  • Urinalysis — Routine urine test with focus on urine protein.
  • Fetal Position Assessment — By around 32 weeks, most babies have turned head-down. The doctor confirms fetal position through palpation and ultrasound. If the baby is still in breech position, the doctor may suggest corrective positions (such as the knee-chest position) to encourage the baby to turn.

Comment se préparer

  • Eat something before the fetal monitoring so the baby is more active and cooperative during the test.
  • Wear easy-to-change clothing, as you will need an ultrasound and possibly fetal monitoring.
  • If a previous exam showed a malpresentation, you can practice corrective exercises under your doctor's guidance.

Conseils

  • Estimated fetal weight from the growth scan has an inherent margin of error (approximately 10-15%), so do not fixate on the exact number.
  • If the fetal monitoring shows a "non-reactive" result, do not be alarmed; the baby may be sleeping. The doctor will typically ask you to walk around or eat something and then repeat the test.
  • If the baby is still in breech position around 32 weeks, the doctor may suggest knee-chest exercises to encourage the baby to turn. Do this twice daily, morning and evening, for 10-15 minutes each time.
  • Now is a good time to start packing your hospital bag. Do not wait until the last minute.

Seventh Prenatal Visit

Visite 7 · Semaines 33–34

Fetal Heart Rate Monitoring Begins

Bon à savoir: Starting from the seventh visit, the non-stress test (NST) becomes a standard part of every prenatal checkup. NST is one of the most important tools for assessing fetal safety in the third trimester. By continuously monitoring changes in the fetal heart rate, doctors can determine if there is a risk of hypoxia. A complete NST takes 20-40 minutes; if the baby is sleeping and inactive, the session may be extended. Eating something before the test helps produce more accurate results. At this stage, pay close attention to blood pressure changes; seek immediate medical care if you experience headaches, blurred vision, or upper abdominal pain.

Examens courants

  • Non-Stress Test (NST) — Continuing fetal heart rate monitoring to track the baby's heart rate patterns and uterine contractions. NST is especially important at this stage, as the risk of intrauterine hypoxia increases in the third trimester.
  • Blood Pressure Measurement — Routine blood pressure monitoring, which is particularly important in the third trimester.
  • Weight Measurement — Monitoring weight gain. In the third trimester, weekly gain should not exceed 0.5 kg.
  • Fundal Height and Abdominal Circumference — Routine measurements to assess fetal growth.
  • Urinalysis — Routine urine test, focusing on protein and glucose levels.

Comment se préparer

  • Eat something before the NST to keep the baby active.
  • Record recent fetal movement counts.
  • If you have questions about labor and delivery, write them down and bring the list to your appointment.

Conseils

  • Babies born after 34 weeks, though premature, have a very high survival rate and most develop well. However, it is still best for the baby to stay in the womb a bit longer.
  • You may experience Braxton Hicks contractions at this stage: the abdomen tightens but without pain, lasting briefly and occurring irregularly. This is the uterus preparing for labor and is normal.
  • Know the signs of labor: bloody show (small amount of blood-tinged discharge), rupture of membranes (fluid leaking from the vagina), and regular contractions (lasting 30+ seconds, 5-10 minutes apart). Go to the hospital if any of these occur.
  • Start preparing newborn supplies and learning about breastfeeding.

Eighth Prenatal Visit

Visite 8 · Semaines 35–36

GBS Screening (Group B Streptococcus)

Bon à savoir: The key test at the eighth visit is GBS screening. It is recommended at 35-37 weeks because results at this time best reflect the carrier status at delivery. Approximately 10-30% of pregnant women carry GBS, but most have no symptoms. A positive result does not mean you are sick; the doctor will administer intravenous antibiotics (typically penicillin) at the start of labor to prevent neonatal infection. This visit also includes important pre-delivery labs: CBC, coagulation panel, and liver/kidney function tests. Starting at 36 weeks, checkups become weekly!

Examens courants

  • GBS Screening (Group B Streptococcus) — GBS screening uses vaginal and rectal swabs to determine if the mother carries Group B Streptococcus. GBS itself usually causes no symptoms in the mother, but if transmitted to the newborn during delivery, it can cause serious conditions such as neonatal sepsis, pneumonia, and meningitis. The screening is typically performed at 35-37 weeks.
  • Non-Stress Test (NST) — Routine fetal heart rate monitoring to assess the baby's well-being in the womb.
  • Complete Blood Count (CBC) — A third-trimester CBC with focus on hemoglobin to prepare for delivery. Significant anemia must be corrected before labor.
  • Coagulation Panel — This tests coagulation function, including prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and fibrinogen, in preparation for delivery. Understanding coagulation status is important for assessing bleeding risk whether you deliver vaginally or by cesarean section.
  • Liver and Renal Function Tests — Third-trimester liver and kidney function tests to assess current organ status, which informs delivery planning.
  • Pelvic Assessment — The doctor may perform a pelvic measurement or assessment to evaluate pelvic size and shape and make a preliminary judgment about suitability for vaginal delivery. Combined with fetal size and position, an initial delivery plan is formed.
  • Blood Pressure Measurement — Routine blood pressure monitoring, closely watching for signs of gestational hypertension or preeclampsia.
  • Weight Measurement — Monitoring weight changes.
  • Fundal Height and Abdominal Circumference — Routine measurements to assess fetal size.
  • Urinalysis — Routine test with focus on urine protein.

Comment se préparer

  • GBS screening involves vaginal and rectal swabs. No special cleaning is needed beforehand; maintain normal hygiene. You may want to bring wipes for after the test.
  • This visit may involve several blood draws (CBC, coagulation, liver/kidney function). Check with the hospital whether fasting is required.
  • Remember to eat something before the fetal monitoring.
  • Start packing your hospital bag. Make a checklist and prepare items one by one.
  • Know the signs of labor: bloody show, rupture of membranes, regular contractions.
  • Confirm the route to the delivery hospital, the admission process, and the documents you need to bring.

Conseils

  • A positive GBS result does not mean you need an early delivery or a cesarean section. Vaginal delivery is perfectly safe as long as antibiotics are given during labor.
  • GBS can cause neonatal sepsis, so even if you plan a cesarean, GBS screening is important because premature rupture of membranes can allow bacteria to ascend.
  • Starting at 36 weeks, prenatal visits increase from every two weeks to every week for closer monitoring of both mother and baby.
  • This is a good time to start practicing Lamaze breathing or other pain-management techniques to prepare physically and mentally for labor.

Ninth Prenatal Visit

Visite 9 · Semaine 37

Weekly Checkups Begin, Delivery Readiness Assessment

Bon à savoir: Congratulations, the baby is now full term! Starting from the ninth visit, checkups become weekly to monitor mother and baby more closely in these final weeks. Week 37 is a major milestone: from this point on, the baby is considered a full-term newborn if born. The doctor will comprehensively assess delivery readiness, including fetal size, position, pelvic dimensions, and cervical ripeness, and draft a preliminary birth plan. Familiarize yourself with the signs of labor: regular contractions (every 5-10 minutes, lasting 30+ seconds), bloody show (small amount of blood-tinged discharge), and rupture of membranes (clear fluid leaking from the vagina). Go to the hospital if you experience any of these.

Examens courants

  • Non-Stress Test (NST) — The NST (electronic fetal monitoring, EFM) evaluates the fetal condition in the uterus and detects problems such as hypoxia. During the test, the mother sits or lies on her side while two ultrasound transducers are placed on the abdomen. After about 20 minutes of monitoring, a tracing of the fetal heart rate and uterine contractions is generated.
  • Blood Pressure Measurement — Close blood pressure monitoring. The late third trimester carries a high risk for preeclampsia. Systolic pressure at or above 140 mmHg and/or diastolic pressure at or above 90 mmHg requires attention.
  • Weight Measurement — Monitoring weight changes.
  • Fundal Height and Abdominal Circumference — Routine measurements to assess fetal size and growth trends.
  • Fetal Heart Rate Check — Doppler auscultation to confirm a normal fetal heart rate.
  • Urinalysis — Focus on urine protein, evaluated in conjunction with blood pressure to assess preeclampsia risk.
  • Cervical Assessment — The doctor may perform a vaginal exam to assess cervical ripeness, including cervical position, consistency, effacement, and dilation. Cervical ripeness can help predict when labor may occur. Some hospitals use the Bishop score for quantitative assessment.
  • Fetal Position Assessment — Confirming whether the baby is in the head-down (cephalic) position. After 37 weeks, fetal position is mostly fixed. If still breech, the doctor will discuss delivery options with you.

Comment se préparer

  • The NST can be done sitting up or lying on your side. Choose whichever position is most comfortable, but avoid lying flat on your back.
  • Bring your insurance card to every visit for payment and scheduling. Many hospitals now accept digital insurance cards; check with staff in advance.
  • Keep your hospital bag packed and ready. Confirm the best route from home to the hospital.

Conseils

  • After 37 weeks, the baby is full term and could arrive at any time. Know the signs of labor: regular contractions (every 5 minutes for over 1 hour), rupture of membranes (go to the hospital immediately), and bloody show (light bleeding; you can observe first).
  • If you plan a vaginal delivery, practice Lamaze breathing and birthing ball exercises to help manage pain during labor.
  • Discuss the hospital plan with your family: who will accompany you, how you will get there, and what to bring.
  • Stay positive and keep moderately active (walking, prenatal yoga) to encourage natural labor.

Tenth Prenatal Visit

Visite 10 · Semaine 38

Weekly Checkup, Delivery Readiness Assessment

Bon à savoir: At 38 weeks, the due date is about two weeks away. The baby's development is nearly complete, with sufficient subcutaneous fat and mature organ function, ready to meet you at any time. The doctor will assess whether early delivery is needed based on the overall situation. If there are pregnancy complications (such as gestational diabetes or preeclampsia), the doctor may discuss planning delivery at 39 weeks. For most women without complications, the recommendation is to wait for spontaneous labor.

Examens courants

  • Non-Stress Test (NST) — Weekly routine NST to monitor fetal heart rate patterns and uterine contractions, ensuring the baby's well-being in the womb.
  • Blood Pressure Measurement — Close blood pressure monitoring, with particular attention to any progressive increase.
  • Weight Measurement — Monitoring weight changes and watching for any abnormal weight gain.
  • Fundal Height and Abdominal Circumference — Routine measurements to assess fetal growth.
  • Fetal Heart Rate Check — Doppler auscultation to confirm a normal fetal heart rate.
  • Urinalysis — Focus on urine protein levels.
  • Cervical Assessment — Assessing changes in cervical ripeness and whether the cervix is preparing for labor. Compared with last week's assessment to identify trends.

Comment se préparer

  • Continue counting fetal movements daily. Seek medical attention promptly if anything is abnormal.
  • Eat something before the NST.
  • If the doctor gave specific instructions at the last visit (such as blood sugar control or blood pressure monitoring), follow them and report back.
  • Finalize your birth plan: vaginal or cesarean delivery, whether to use epidural analgesia, who will be your birth partner, etc.

Conseils

  • Third-trimester discomforts such as symphysis pubis pain, back pain, and frequent urination are mostly normal and will gradually resolve after delivery.
  • If you want an epidural (labor epidural analgesia), ask your doctor in advance about availability and the request process at your hospital.
  • Maintaining a positive mindset is important. Labor and delivery is a natural physiological process that goes smoothly in most cases.
  • Have your family double-check that the hospital bag is complete, including supplies for both mother and baby.
  • Learn some basic postpartum care skills, such as proper breastfeeding positions and newborn care essentials.

Eleventh Prenatal Visit

Visite 11 · Semaine 39

Monitoring for Signs of Labor

Bon à savoir: At 39 weeks, the due date is just one week away. You may be paying close attention to every change in your body, anticipating labor at any moment. The focus of this visit is monitoring for signs of labor and ensuring maternal-fetal safety. Common pre-labor signs include: a feeling of the baby dropping (easier breathing but increased urinary frequency), bloody show (small amount of pink or brown mucus-like discharge), and increasingly frequent irregular contractions. True labor is marked by regular contractions (every 5-6 minutes, lasting 30+ seconds, continuing for over 1 hour) or premature rupture of membranes (water breaking).

Examens courants

  • Non-Stress Test (NST) — Weekly NST, closely monitoring the baby's condition in the womb. As the due date approaches, NST results are especially important.
  • Blood Pressure Measurement — Close monitoring of blood pressure changes.
  • Weight Measurement — Monitoring weight changes. Near delivery, some women's weight gain may plateau or slightly decrease, which can be a sign that labor is approaching.
  • Fundal Height and Abdominal Circumference — Routine measurements. If you feel the belly has "dropped" (the baby's head has engaged in the pelvis), the fundal height may be slightly lower than the previous measurement.
  • Fetal Heart Rate Check — Doppler auscultation to confirm a normal fetal heart rate.
  • Urinalysis — Routine test with focus on urine protein.
  • Cervical Assessment — Assessing cervical ripeness to determine how prepared the cervix is for labor. A favorable cervix (high Bishop score) suggests a greater likelihood of spontaneous labor.

Comment se préparer

  • Count fetal movements carefully every day. Seek immediate medical attention if there is a noticeable decrease.
  • Eat something before the NST.
  • Keep your hospital bag and admission documents ready at all times.
  • Confirm transportation plans to the hospital with your family (driving, taxi, or ambulance), especially for nighttime emergencies.

Conseils

  • The due date is only an estimate. Only about 5% of babies are born on their exact due date; delivery within two weeks on either side is normal.
  • Go to the hospital immediately if: your water breaks, you have heavy vaginal bleeding (more than a menstrual period), you have regular contractions, fetal movement noticeably decreases or stops, or you have a severe headache with blurred vision.
  • Stay calm and positive. Light walking and activity can help encourage the onset of labor.
  • Get plenty of rest and sleep to build energy reserves for labor. Delivery is physically demanding, and good stamina is very important.
  • Do a final check of your hospital bag: mother's items (change of clothes, maternity pads, nursing bra, slippers, toiletries) and baby's items (newborn clothes, swaddle blanket, diapers, wipes, etc.).

Twelfth Prenatal Visit

Visite 12 · Semaine 40

Due Date Assessment, Discussion of Induction

Bon à savoir: At the due date (40 weeks), if there are no signs of labor, do not be overly anxious. The due date is simply a statistical median; about half of all babies are born after their due date. The focus of this visit is a comprehensive assessment of whether induction is needed. The doctor evaluates fetal size, amniotic fluid volume, placental function, NST results, and cervical ripeness to decide whether to continue waiting or schedule an induction. Generally, if both mother and baby are doing well, waiting until 41-41+6 weeks is acceptable. However, if amniotic fluid is low, placental function has declined, or the NST is abnormal, the doctor may recommend prompt induction or cesarean delivery. Most hospitals in China recommend that pregnancy should not extend beyond 41+6 weeks.

Examens courants

  • Non-Stress Test (NST) — The NST at the due date is particularly important to ensure the baby's well-being in the womb. If the NST shows abnormalities, the doctor may recommend immediate intervention.
  • Ultrasound — The due-date ultrasound assessment includes: estimated fetal weight, amniotic fluid volume (AFI or DVP), placental maturity, and umbilical artery blood flow. If amniotic fluid is low (AFI < 5 cm or DVP < 2 cm) or placental function has declined, early delivery may be necessary.
  • Blood Pressure Measurement — Close blood pressure monitoring. Blood pressure management around the due date is very important.
  • Weight Measurement — Recording weight changes.
  • Fundal Height and Abdominal Circumference — Routine measurements.
  • Urinalysis — Routine test.
  • Cervical Assessment — Assessing cervical ripeness, which is critical for deciding whether induction is needed and which method to use. If the cervix is not ripe (Bishop score < 6), cervical ripening may be needed before induction.

Comment se préparer

  • Monitor fetal movements closely every day. Seek immediate medical attention if there are fewer than 6 movements in 2 hours.
  • Be ready for hospital admission at any time. Ensure your hospital bag and documents are complete.
  • Stay in close contact with your family so someone can take you to the hospital at any moment.
  • If the doctor discusses induction, learn about the methods and process in advance so you are mentally prepared.

Conseils

  • Do not be anxious if the due date has passed. This is very common. The doctor will arrange more frequent monitoring to ensure the baby's safety.
  • Induction is not "unnatural." When medically indicated, it is an important tool for protecting both mother and baby. Common induction methods include oxytocin infusion, balloon catheter ripening, and artificial rupture of membranes.
  • If the doctor recommends induction, trust their professional judgment. Post-term pregnancy can increase the risk of placental insufficiency, oligohydramnios, and macrosomia.
  • Stay optimistic. Every baby has their own timeline. Whether labor starts naturally or is induced, the goal is a safe delivery for both mother and baby.
  • Even if the baby has not arrived by the due date, continue moderate activity, adequate rest, and balanced nutrition.

Sources

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